Chapter 12 Human Resources

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 10 Social Science Solutions Chapter 15 Features of Indian Economy and its Trends.

In this article we will discuss short question, very short question and long question and answers of the Chapter 15 Features of Indian Economy and its Trends.

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 10 Social Science Solutions Chapter 15 Features of Indian Economy and its Trends.

Human Resources Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Which is the most populous state in India?
Answer:
Uttar Pradesh

Question 2.
Rajasthan is at which position in terms of area in India?
Answer:
First

Question 3.
Which state has the highest population density?
Answer:
Bihar

Question 4.
What is the gender ratio in Rajasthan as per 2011 census?
Answer:
926

Question 5.
India is at which position in the world in terms of population?
Answer:
Second

Question 6.
Census is conducted after a gap of how many years in India?
Answer:
10 years

Question 7.
What are the main reasons for growth or decline in population in a country?
Answer:
Birth rate, Death Rate and Migration.

Question 8.
Which is the most populous district of Rajasthan?
Answer:
Jaipur.

Question 9.
Which are the three main components of population growth or change?
Answer:
Birth Rate, Death Rate and Migration ‘

Question 10.
What is gender ratio?
Answer:
Number of females per thousand male is called gender ratio.

Question 11.
What is the literacy rate of the country as per 2011 census?
Answer:
74.04%

Question 12 .
Which programme was initiated by the government to limit the size of families?
Answer:
Family Planning

Question 13.
Which district of Rajasthan shows the highest population density?
Answer:
Jaipur

Human Resources Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is literacy rate?
Answer:
According to 2011 Census a person who is 7 years old or older and can write or read any one language is considered as a literate person. Literacy rate is expressed in terms of percentage. Literacy level is showing gradual improvement in our country. According to 2011 Census, the literacy rate in the country is 74.04%; out of which literacy rate among men is 82.14% and among women is 65.46%.

Question 2.
What is a resource?
Answer:
All those substances in our environment which are utilized to fulfill our needs are called resources. Man is capable of increasing the value of any substance by using his intelligence and technology. Thus, man not only makes new resources but he himself is an important resource.

Question 3.
What is population growth rate? The growth rate of population started to show decline in India after which decade?
Answer:
The change in population of a country/state/place over a definite period (for example over 10 years) is called population growth. Population growth can be expressed in two ways, i.e. relative growth and annual or decadal growth in terms of percentage. Population growth is usually expressed in terms of percentage.

Question 4.
Census of’a country shows which major information about population of that country?
Answer:
Census shows following information:

• Growth rate of population
• Literacy rate
• Distribution of population
• Gender ratio
• Life expectancy

Question 5.
Write some methods to control the growth rate of population?
Answer:
Some methods to control growth rate of population are as follows:

1. Limiting the family size by different methods of family planning.
2. Increasing the minimum age for marriage.
3. Increasing awareness about benefits of small family.
4. Improving healthcare facilities especially for children and mothers.

Question 6.
What are the main reasons for migration from rural areas to urban areas?
Answer:
Following are the reasons for migration from rural areas to urban areas:

1. Growth in population in rural areas.
2. Distribution of ancestral land results in plot size becoming smellier.
3. Better employment opportunities in urban areas.
4. Better facilities for education and healthcare in urban areas. ,

Human Resources Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain the key features of population policy.
Answer:
The National Population Policy 2000 provides a policy framework to implement many programmes to control population growth. Some of the features of this policy are as follows:
1. Free Education for Children below 14 years: This will help in improving literacy rate. An educated public would be in a better position to understand the benefits of smaller families.

2. Reduce Child Mortality Rate: A higher rate of child mortality is often a motivational factor for couples to opt for more children. Better survival of children will change the mindset and will help in reducing population.

3. Eradication of Disease through Vaccination: Free vaccines are given for children up to a certain age. This has helped in eradicating many diseases which could be easily prevented. This has helped in ensuring better survival of children. This will also helps in changing the mindset of opting for more children.

4. Encourage marriage at a higher age: Marriage at higher age helps in reducing the family size. Mature people are in a better position to understand the importance of a small family.

5. Developing Better Facilities for Child And Mother Care: Such facilities help in ensuring better health for pregnant women and in ensuring safe child delivery. Moreover, various methods of sterilization have also helped in controlling the family size.

Question 2.
Explain the reasons of rapid growth in population. Explain the problems due to high growth in population.
Answer:
Following are the reasons for rapid growth in population:1. Birth Rate: Number of live births per thousand children is called birth rate. Improvement in healthcare and food production during the 1970s and 1980s resulted .in high birth rate across the country.
2. Death Rate: Number of deaths per thousand persons is called death rate. Improvement in healthcare and food production during previous decades resulted in lower death rate across the country.
3. When birth rate is higher than death rate it results in growth in population. This has been the major cause for population growth in India till 1981.
Problems due to high growth in population:

• Increased stress on natural resources.
• Increase in poverty.
• Income distribution is uneven.
• Increased consumption of natural resources causes degradation of environment.

Question 3.
What do you understand by urbanization? What are the harms and benefits of urbanization?
Answer:
Migration of people from rural areas to urban areas is called urbanization. Another meaning of urbanization is related to physical expansion of urban area, and growth in population.
Benefits of Urbanisation: This provides better facilities of education and healthcare to people. People get better opportunities of employment in cities. Thus, urbanization also helps in economic growth of people and subsequently the economic growth of the nation.

Harms of Urbanisation: Urbanisation results in increased use of modes of transport and other means for comfortable life. This results in increased exploitation of natural resources. This also results in increase in environmental pollution. Thus, urbanization is a bane for the longevity of environment.

Question 4.
What is population policy? Explain the population policy of Rajasthan.
Answer:
A person’s health and welfare can be improved by limiting the size of the family. Keeping in mind this aspect, the Indian government introduced a universal programme of family planning in 1952. The Family Welfare Programme is working to encourage a responsible and well-planned parenthood. The National Population Policy 2000 is the result of planned efforts of many years.Various activities are under way in Rajasthan to ensure stability in population so that the problem of population can be tackled. Eligible couples are given the facilities of family welfare as per their convenience and sensibilities, and they are also being educated on this topic. Regular vaccination campaigns (Matri Shishu Swasthya Abhiyan and Mukhyamantri Panchamrit Abhiyan) are conducted so that pregnant women and children can be given proper care and nutrition.

This is done to reduce child and mother mortality rate. Jan Man gal Jor are ensuring the availability of means of family welfare under the Jan Mangal Yojana. Women have to play important role in family welfare. Hence, Women Health Centres are being augmented so that women in different areas should be made aware of and benefited from various Public Health & Family Welfare Programmes. Facilities for health and family welfare are made available in far flung areas under these programmes.

Human Resources Additional Questions Solved

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1 .
Which is the most populous country in the world?
(A) India
(B) China
(C) USA
(D) Brazil

Question 2.
Which is the most populous state of India?
(A) Rajasthan
(B) Bihar
(C) Uttar Pradesh
(D) Maharashtra

Question 3.
Which is the most populous district in Rajasthan?
(A) Jaipur
(B) Jodhpur
(C) Bikaner
(D) Jaisalmer

Question 4.
Which is the least populous state of India?
(A) Goa
(B) Sikkim
(C) Manipur
(D) Nagaland

Question 5.
Which state shows the highest literacy rate in India?
(A) Rajasthan
(B) Maharashtra
(C) Kerala
(D) Tamil Nadu

Question 6.
Which part of India shows the highest population density?
(A) Northern plains
(B) Northeastern hills
(C) Thar desert
(D) Chhotanagpur Plateau

Question 7.
What is the population of Lakshadweep?
(A) Between 40 to 50 thousand
(B) Between 50 to 60 thousand
(C) Between 60 to 70 thousand
(D) More than 1 lakh

Question 8.
As per 2011 Census, what is the population of Rajasthan?
(A) Less than 6 crore
(B) About 7 crore
(C) More than 10 crore
(D) About 15 crore

Question 9.
As per 2011 Census, what is the population of Jaipur?
(A) About 60 lakh
(B) About 70 lakh
(C) About 80 lakh
(D) About 90 lakh

Question 10 .
Which district of Rajasthan showed the highest growth in population between 2001 and 2011?
(A) Jaipur
(B) Jodhpur
(C) Ganganagar
(D) Barmer

Question 11 .
Which district of Rajasthan showed the lowest growth in population between 2001 and 2011?
(A) Jaipur
(B) Jodhpur
(C) Ganganagar
(D) Chittorgarh

Question 12 .
As per 2011 Census, what is the population density of Rajasthan in terms of persons per square km?
(A) 200
(B) 300
(C) 400
(D) 500

Question 13 .
What is the population density (persons per square km) of Jaisalmer?
(A) 7
(B) 17
(C) 27
(D) 57

Question 14.
As per 2011 Census, what is the literacy rate in Rajasthan?
(A) 47%
(B) 57%
(C) 67%
(D) 77%

Answer:

1. (B)
2. (C)
3. (A)
4. (B)
5. (C)
6. (A)
7. (C)
8. (B)
9. (B)
10. (D)
11. (C)
12. (A)
13. (B)
14. (C)

Fill in the blanks

1. Total number of people living at a definite place in a definite time period is called …………………..
2. The difference between birth rate and death rate shows the …………………….. growth of population.
3. A person who is …………….. years old or older and can write or read any one language is considered as a literate person.
4. Man plays important role in development of …………………… and economy.
5. The population distribution is highly ……………………. in India.
6. The population distribution is highly ………………. in Rajasthan.
7. The population of Rajasthan has been growing at a ……………………rate.
8. The growth rate of population of Rajasthan is …………………. than growth rate of population of India.
9. In India, birth rate has always been …………………. than death rate.
10. Population density of Rajasthan is …………………… than that of India.

Answer:

1. Population
2. Natural
3. Seven
4. Society
5. Uneven
6. Uneven
7. Rapid
8. Higher
9. Higher
10. Lower

Match Columns

Column A	Column B
1. Jaipur	(A) District with lowest literacy level
2. Jaisalmer	(B) District with highest literacy level
3. Bihar	(C) State with lowest population density
4. Arunachal Pradesh	(D) State with highest population density
5. Kota	(E) District with lowest population density
6. Jalor	(F) District with highest population density

Answer:
1. (F)
2. (E)
3. (D)
4. (C)
5. (B)
6. (A)

Human Resources Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What do you mean by population?
Answer:
Total number of people living at a definite place in a definite time period is called population.

Question 2.
What do you mean by population growth?
Answer:
The change in population of a country/state/place over a definite period (for example over 10 years) is called population growth.

Question 3.
What is migration?
Answer:
Movement of people from one place to another is called migration.

Question 4.
What do you mean by population density?
Answer:
Number of people living in per square unit area is called population density.

Question 5.
What is the significance of gender ratio?
Answer:
This is an importan i social indicator to measure the equality between men and women in any society.

Question 6.
How is human population converted into human resource?
Answer:
When investment is made on education, training, health and other services for human population, then
the investment converts the human population into human resources.

Question 7.
Almost half of India’s population lives in five states. Write the name of these states.
Answer:
Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh

Question 8.
What do you understand by absolute growth in population?
Answer:
The difference between populations of two different years gives the absolute growth of population.

Question 9.
What do you understand by growth rate of population?
Answer:
When the growth in population is calculated in terms of percentage, it is called growth rate.

Question 10.
Name the districts in Rajasthan which showed the highest and the lowest growth rate of population between 2001 and 2011.
Answer:
Barmer (highest growth rate) and Ganganagar (lowest growth rate)

Question 11 .
What are the three important components which affect population growth?
Answer:
Birth rate, death rate and migration

Question 12.
Define birth rate.
Answer:
Number of live births per thousand persons in a year is called birth rate.

Question 13.
Define death rate.
Answer:
Number of deaths per thousand persons in a year is called death rate.

Question 14.
What is the effect of internal migration on population?
Answer:
Internal migration has no effect on the size of population and it only affects the distribution of population.

Question 15.
Population density is very high in northern plains and in Kerala. Why?
Answer:
Population density is very high in the northern plains and Kerala because these areas are endowed with plain topography, fertile land and adequate rainfall.

Question 16.
How does human resource add value to a thing?
Answer:
Human resource transform a thing to add value to a thing. For example; iron ore is useless without human intervention. It is the human intervention which converts iron ore into steel or into stainless steel making it a more useful substance.

Question 17 .
What is required to develop human resources?
Answer:
Human resource is developed through education, training, healthcare and other facilities.

Question 18.
What are the characteristics features of population?
Answer:
Characteristics and features of population are age groups, gender ratio, literacy rate, occupational composition, health, etc. of population.

Question 19.
What do you mean by changes in population?
Answer:
Changes in population show growth and reasons of growth in population in a given period.

Human Resources Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What do you understand by human resources?
Answer:
Man himself is a resource. The number, physical power and mental power of a man make him/her the human resource. Physical and mental powers in humans develop through education, technology, health and skills. Man develops capability to create new things because of his mental and physical powers.

Question 2.
How has Rajasthan fared in terms of population growth?
Answer:
The population of Rajasthan has also been growing at a rapid rate. The decadal growth rate in population of Rajasthan was 32.97% in 1981. However, this rate declined in later years. The decadal growth rate in population reduced to 28.41% in 2001 and further declined to 21.44% in 2011. In spite of this, the growth rate in population of Rajasthan is much higher compared to 17.64% decadal growth rate in population of India. During the decade of 2001 – 2011, Barmer showed the highest growth rate (32.55%), while Ganganagar showed the lowest growth rate (10.06%) in Rajasthan.

Question 3.
Which factors affect population density of a place?
Answer:
Following factors affect population density:
1. Topography: Population is less dense in hilly areas or in deserts. But population is more dense in plains,
2. Rainfall pattern: Medium to scanty rainfall results in low population density. Adequate rainfall facilitates better agriculture and hence increases population density.

Question 4.
Comment on population density in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Population density is highly uneven among districts of Rajasthan. In 2011 Jaipur was the district with highest population density at 598 persons per square km, while Jaisalmer was the district with lowest population density at 17 persons per square km.

Question 5.
What is the difference in gender ratio in urban and rural areas of Rajasthan? What is the reason for eschewed gender ratio in Rajasthan? What can be done to improve the situation?
Answer:
Gender ratio in urban areas has been higher compared to rural areas. Female foeticide is considered to be the main reason for an adverse gender ratio against women. Government has been making many efforts to prevent female foeticide and to ensure birth and longevity of the girl child. But this problem can only be tackled through social awareness and through an educated society.

Question 6.
What are the three important components of population growth? Define them.
Answer:
Following are the three important components of population growth:
1. Birth Rate: Number of live births per thousand persons in a year is called birth rate.
2. Death Rate: Number of deaths per thousand persons in a year is called death rate.
3. Migration: Movement of people from one place to another is called migration.

Question 7.
What are the drawbacks of a high population?
Answer:
High growth in population is an obstacle to economic progress of the country. A high population adversely affects the quality of life. High population involves excess exploitation of resources to fulfill various needs like food, cloth, shelter, education and healthcare. This also increases the problems of unemployment and poverty and results in scarcity of physical facilities like drinking water, electricity, transport, housing, etc.

Question 8.
Who is considered as a literate person? What is the literacy level in India?
Answer:
A person who is 7 years old or older and can write or read any one language is considered as a literate person. Literacy level is showing gradual improvement in our country. According to 2011 Census, the literacy rate in the country is 74.04%; among men is 82.14% and among women is 65.46%. According to 2011 Census, Kerala is the most literate state with literacy level at 93.91%, while Bihar is the least literate state with literacy level at 55.58%.

Question 9.
Name some programmes which have been initiated in Rajasthan to improve education of girls. ,
Answer:
Many programmes have been started to encourage the education of girls. Some important programmes under this endeavour are Kasturba Gandhi Awasiya Balika Vidyalay, Transport Voucher for Girls in Rural Areas, Gargi Award, Apki Beti Yojana, Devnarayan Girl Student Scooty Distribution, and Free Bicycle Distribution to Girls.

Question 10.
The gender ratio is higher in urban areas than in rural areas of Rajasthan. What does it indicate?
Answer:
Gender ratio shows the level of equality between men and women. A gender ratio in favour of women shows that women get equal status in the society. In rural areas, women are still deprived of basic rights and dignity.

Human Resources Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Definition of population revolves around which topics? Explain.
Answer:
Definition of population revolves around three main points which are as follows:
1. Size, distribution and density of population: This shows total number of people (men, women and children) at a given place.
2. Growth and changes in population: This shows growth and reasons of growth in population in a given period.
3. Characteristics and features of population: This shows age groups, gender ratio, literacy rate, occupational composition, health, etc. of population.

Question 2.
How is the literacy rate in Rajasthan? What led to improvement in literacy rate in Rajasthan?
Answer:
As per 2011 Census 3,89,70,500 people of Rajasthan are literate. The literacy rate of Rajasthan is 67.07%; among men is 80.51% and among women is 52.66%. The literacy rate has shown an increase in previous decades but Rajasthan is still behind the national average. The women in rural areas are still lagging on this aspect. Kota is the most literate district at 77.48% literacy rate, while Jalor is the least literate at 55.58% literacy rate.

The growth in literacy rate in our state has been possible because of various programmes in this direction; like Literacy Mission, Adult Education, Continuous Literacy Programme, special emphasis and encouragement of Girl’s Education, Free & Mandatory Education, etc. But literacy among women is still way behind the literacy among men. Many programmes have been started to encourage the education of girls. Some important programmes under this endeavour are Kasturba Gandhi Awasiya Balika Vidyalaya, Transport Voucher for Girls in Rural Areas, Gargi Award, Apki Beti Yojana, Devnarayan Girl Student Scooty Distribution, and Free Bicycle Distribution to Girls.

We hope the given RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Chapter 12 Human Resources will help you. If you have any query regarding Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 10 Social Science Solutions Chapter 12 Human Resources, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

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